Shire



IIIIIQVII (No Model.) w H. GAZAILLE 8: H. 'F. LOW.

AIR PUMP.

No. 349,428. Patented-Sept. 21, 1886.

N. PETERS. P'hnlwli'ihognphen Washington. ac.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

HENRY GAZAILLE AND HAMILTON F. LOWV, OF MANCHESTER, NEW HAMP- SHIRE;SAID LOW ASSIGNOR TO SAID GAZAILLE.

AIR-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,428, datedSeptember 21, 1886. Application filed December 30, 1885. Serial No.1B7,l4l. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY GAZAILLE, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, and HAMILTON F. Low, a citizen of the United 5 States, bothresiding at Manchester, in the county of Hillsborough and State of NewHampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAir-Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to air-pumps combining in their operation theaction of force and suction.

The object of our invention is to construct an air-pump which shall, bythe action of certain improved valves connected therewith, be capable offorcing air into a tube or receiver by the movement of the piston in onedirection, and exhausting the air from said tube or receiver by theopposite movement of said piston.

I Our invention consists in details of construction described below, andpointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part 2 5 of this specification,Figure 1 representsasee tional side elevation of our improved airpump;Fig. 2 being an end view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a detailed side elevation of the valvehousing, showing asection of the piston-rod and valve-rod in position. Fig. 4 is adetailed plan view of the valve-housing alone. Fig. 5 is a transversesection of Fig. 3, taken between the valve-seats and the side openings,and having valves and the valve-rod removed. The bar- 3 5 rel of thepump is composed of an interior and exterior cylinder. The interiorcylinder, A, in which the piston moves, is formed of some suitable sheetmetal or zinc,while the exterior cylinder, A, is composed of some toughma- 0 terial, such as sheet iron. This latter cylinder is providedsimply to prevent the interior cylinder from becoming dented orotherwise marred; but one end of the pump-barrel is closed, the head Bhaving a base, b, by which it may be secured to the floor serving thispurpose. The other end is provided with simply a ring, B, its outerdiameter being equal to that of the head B, and having a base, I), bywhich it may be fastened down. The opening b in this ring B may be'nearly or quite the diameter of, the interior cylinder, A, aconvenientmeans of uniting the parts A A B B being shown in thedrawings, in which the end of the exterior cylinder, A, enter groovesformed annularly in the head B and ring B, the ends of the cylinder Abearing against shoulders formed for the purpose on the said parts B B,and allsaid parts being held firmly together by the bolts 0 passingthrough the head B between the cylinders A A, and through the ring B, tothe projecting ends of which are threaded-nuts c, as in Figs. 1 and 2.To the interior cylinder is fitted a piston, D, preferably formed ofwood, and, as it is a very difficult matter to bend up the zinc or othermetal forming said cylinder so that it may be even moderately true andimpossible to form it perfectly cylindrical, it becomes necessary toprovidea very flexible packing for the said piston.-

After numerous experiments we find that flexible rubber tubing E, placedin an annular groove formed in the piston D, is decidedly the bestmaterial for the purpose, and forms a perfectly flexible packing,whichreadily overcomes all irregularities of the cylinder A.

To overcome any possible adhesivencss or unnecessary wear of the rubbertubing E,.it may be covered by a strip of silesia or other coarse linencloth, and its sides tucked into the groove on either side of thetubing. A

rectangular piston-rod, F, enters one end ofthe valve-housing G, inwhich it may be properly secured by abolt or rivet, f. At the oppositeend of said valve-housing is formed a circular flange, g, by which it issecured by screws to the piston D. It may be here noted that said pistonhas a central opening, d, connecting with the interior of the valvehousing, for the passage of air. Valves H H are hinged attheir topwithin said housing G, so as to fall against seats 9 g, each of saidvalves being adapted to move away from the other when opening and towardthe other when closing. These valves are operated automatically with theoutward and return stroke of the piston-rod F, as follows: A rocker-arm,I, having its lower end mounted upon, a shaft, J, which may pass throughone or both side walls of the housing G, midway from either of thevalve-seats g g, is adapted to bear against either of the valves thefree end of which is attached a rod, L,

mounted in a suitable bearing, m, formed upon one side of the standM,supporting the pistonrod F, and provided either side of said bearmg m,with a collar, as in Fig. 1, these collars Z Z being so placed relativeto said hearing m as to alternately strike the same just before thepiston-rod shall have completed its stroke in either direction,therebyholding said rod L sufficiently long to reverse the valves by the actionof the crank K and rocker-arm I.

To lnsure the perfect operation of the rod L and its collars Z Z, saidrod and the pistonrod F must move together or simultaneously, exceptwhen either of the collars strike the bearlngm, as previously explained.In order to do this, a boss, is formed upon one of the side walls of thevalve-housing G, and so located as that the crank K must slide past itwhen completing its stroke in either direction, and by means of thespiral spring 9' on shaft J, which spends its force between thevalve-housing and the rocker-arm I, said crank K will readily snap toeither side of said boss, and so remain until either of the collars ZZ,acting upon the bearing m, shall reverse it.

The piston-rod may be operated in various ways, one of which isillustrated in Fig. 1. A suitable hand-lever, N, is fulcrumed at n tothe stand M, and arranged to operate the piston-rod F by means of aconnecting-rod, O.

The most convenient place for connecting the pump with a tube orreceiver will probably be through the head B, as at Z), in which the endof a tube, P, is inserted.

\Vhen using this pump for inducing an aircurrent through a pneumaticdispatch or pareel tube,the improved valve mechanism here in describedwill prove of great advantage, for the reason that by its use the saiddispatchtube is not necessarily limited in length. If one stroke of thepiston is not enough to accomplish the desired result, it may be givenseveral strokes, each of which will carry the article farther along inthe tube-i. 0., when the valves are in the position shown in Fig. 1, bydrawing out the piston-rod the air in the tube P will be withdrawn orexhausted, and thus carry anything contained therein toward the pump.If, after the piston has nearly reached the open end of the pump, it isfound that the article in said tube 1? has not reached its destination,the piston must be reversed by means of the hand-lever N, and before thecollar Z has reached the bearing m, so that the position of the valvesmay remain unchanged. By this means the valve H will open automaticallyby the pressure of air and allow enough air to escape to permitthe-piston to again occupy the position shownin Fig. 1 without havingforced any more air into the tube. After repeating this as required todraw anything through the tube P to its destination, the lever N maythen be moved far enough to cause the collar Z to strike the bearingm,which will reverse and set the valves for forcingair I into the tube.

Having described the construction of our improved pump, what we claim,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with the cylinder, of the piston and its rod, thevalve-housing arranged between the two, the valves within the housing, arocker-arm between the valves, a wrist connecting said arm with a crankand stop-rod outside of the housing, and a suitable bearing for thestop-rod, whereby the piston and stop-rod move together, or the valvesmay be reversed just before the end of the pistonstroke, as set forth.

2. The combination, with the valve-housing placed between the piston andits rod,and provided with an external boss,, of the internal valves, therocker arm between them, the wrist, the spring between the rocker-armand the crank, the said crank, and the rod provided with thestop-collars and a suitable hearing, as set forth. 7 V

3. The combination, with the cylinder,-composed of the inner sheet-metalportion, A, and the outer portion, A, of tougher metal, of the tube P inthe cylinder-head, the piston D, having ring-packing E and air-port d infront of the valves, the valve-housing G between the piston and its rod,the valves H H within the housing, the valve rocker-arm I, the wrist J,the spring j between. the rocker I and crank K, the said crank, and theboss 9 on the outer side of the housing for engaging with the former,therod L,operating the crank,and provided with collars Z Z, the standard M,having upper bearing, m, supporting said rod and acting as a stop forits collars, the lever N, pivoted to the standard, the link 0, and thepiston-rod F, as set forth. I

4. In an air-pump, the combination, with the sheet-metal cylinder A, ofthe piston provided with an annular groove containing a tubular rubberpacking covered with silesia or the equivalent, as and for the purposeset forth.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

HENRY GAZAILLE. HAMILTON F. LOW.

